Drug Disposition Laboratory

Adam M. Persky PhD

Clinical Assistant Professor
Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics

Office
UNC School of Pharmacy
Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics
CB# 7360
Kerr Hall, Room 2320
Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7360

Phone
919-966-9104

Fax
919-962-0644

Email
apersky@unc.edu

 

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Publications

  1. Johnson BM, Zhang P, Schuetz JD, Brouwer KL. CHARACTERIZATION OF TRANSPORT PROTEIN EXPRESSION IN MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN (Mrp) 2-DEFICIENT RATS. Drug Metab Dispos. 2005
  2. Chandra P, Johnson BM, Zhang P, Pollack GM, Brouwer KL. Modulation of hepatic canalicular or basolateral transport proteins alters hepatobiliary disposition of a model organic anion in the isolated perfused rat liver.Drug Metab Dispos. 2005 Aug;33(8):1238-43. PDF
  3. Zamek-Gliszczynski MJ, Hoffmaster KA, Tian X, Zhao R, Polli JW, Humphreys JE, Webster LO, Bridges AS, Kalvass JC, Brouwer KL. Multiple Mechanisms Are Involved in the Biliary Excretion of Acetaminophen Sulfate: Role of Mrp2 and Bcrp1. Drug Metab Dispos. 2005 Apr 28. PDF
  4. Graff CL, Pollack GM. Nasal drug administration: potential for targeted central nervous system delivery. J Pharm Sci. 2005 Jun;94(6):1187-95. PDF
  5. Graff CL, Zhao R, Pollack GM. Pharmacokinetics of substrate uptake and distribution in murine brain after nasal instillation. Pharm Res. 2005 Feb;22(2):235-44.
  6. Graff CL, Pollack GM. Functional evidence for P-glycoprotein at the nose-brain barrier. Pharm Res. 2005 Jan;22(1):86-93.
  7. Ghibellini G, Johnson BM, Kowalsky RJ, Heizer WD, Brouwer KL, A novel method for the determination of biliary clearance in humans, AAPS J. 2004 Nov 23;6(4):e33 PDF http://www.aapspharmsci.org/view.asp?art=aapsj060433
  8. Zhang P, Tian X, Chandra P, Brouwer KL. Role of glycoslation in Trafficking of Mrp2 in Sandwich-Cultured Rat Hepatocytes., Mol Pharmacol. 2005 Jan 20 PDF
  9. Heinzen EL, Booth RG, Pollack GM., Neuronal nitric oxide modulates morphine antinociceptive tolerance by enhancing constitutive activity of the mu-opioid receptor. Biochem Pharmacol. 2005 Feb 15;69(4):679-88. PDF
  10. Chandra P, Zhang P, Brouwer KL. Short-term Regulation of Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein 3 (Mrp3/MRP3) in Rat and Human Hepatocytes. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2005 Jan 13 PDF
  11. Annaert PP, Brouwer KL. Assessment of Drug Interactions in Hepatobiliary Transport using Rhodamine-123 in Sandwich-cultured Rat Hepatocytes.Drug Metab Dispos. 2004 Dec 17 33(3):388-394. PDF
  12. Hoffmaster KA, Zamek-Gliszczynski MJ, Pollack GM, Brouwer KL. Multiple Transport Systems Mediate the hepatic Uptake and Biliary Excretion of the Metabolically Stable Opioid Peptide [D-penicillamine2,5]enkephalin. Drug Metab Dispos. 2004 Nov 4 33(2): 287-293. PDF
  13. Kemp DC, Zamek-Gliszczynski MJ, Brouwer KL. Xenobiotics inhibit hepatic uptake and biliary excretion of taurocholate in rat hepatocytes. Toxicol Sci. 2005 Feb;83(2):207-14. PDF
  14. Kemp DC, Brouwer KL. Viability assessment in sandwich-cultured rat hepatocytes after xenobiotic exposure. Toxicol In Vitro. 2004 Dec;18(6):869-77. PDF
  15. Tian X, Zamek-Gliszczynski MJ, Zhang P, Brouwer KL. Modulation of multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (Mrp2) and Mrp3 expression and function with small interfering RNA in sandwich-cultured rat hepatocytes. Mol Pharmacol. 2004 Oct;66(4):1004-10. PDF
  16. Persky AM, Ng C, Song MH, Lancaster ME, Balderson DE, Paulik MA, Brouwer KL. Comparison of the acute pharmacodynamic esponses after single doses of ephedrine or sibutramine in healthy, overweight volunteers. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2004 Aug;42(8):442-8. PDF
  17. Hoffmaster KA, Zamek-Gliszczynski MJ, Pollack GM, Brouwer KL. Hepatobiliary disposition of the metabolically stable opioid peptide [D-Pen2, D-Pen5]-enkephalin (DPDPE): pharmacokinetic consequences of the interplay between multiple transport systems. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2004 Dec;311(3):1203-10. PDF
  18. Persky AM and Rawson ES, Detecting adverse events in dietary supplement research: lessons from ephedra alkaloids, J Exerc Physiol online, 2004, 7(2): 84-99. PDF
  19. Hoffmaster KA, Turncliff RZ, LeCluyse EL, Kim RB, Meier PJ, Brouwer KL. P-glycoprotein expression, localization, and function in sandwich-cultured primary rat and human hepatocytes: relevance to the hepatobiliary disposition of a model opioid peptide. Pharm Res. 2004 Jul;21(7):1294-302. PDF
  20. Turncliff RZ, Meier PJ, Brouwer KL. Effect of dexamethasone treatment on the expression and function of transport proteins in sandwich-cultured rat hepatocytes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2004 Aug;32(8):834-9. PDF
  21. Chandra P, Brouwer KL. The complexities of hepatic drug transport: current knowledge and emerging concepts. Pharm Res. 2004 May;21(5):719-35. PDF
  22. Persky AM, Berry NS, Pollack GM, Brouwer KL. Modelling the cardiovascular effects of ephedrine. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2004 May;57(5):552-62. PDF
  23. Tang L, Persky AM, Hochhaus G, Meibohm B. Pharmacokinetic aspects of biotechnology products. J Pharm Sci. 2004 Sep;93(9):2184-204. PDF
  24. Rawson ES, Persky AM. Regarding the cardiovascular effects of an herbal ephedra-caffeine weight loss product. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2004 Oct;28(10):1353-4. PDF
  25. Rawson ES, Persky AM, Price TB, Clarkson PM. Effects of repeated creatine supplementation on muscle, plasma, and urine creatine levels. J Strength Cond Res. 2004 Feb;18(1):162-7. PDF
  26. Kalvass JC, Graff CL, Pollack GM. Use of loperamide as a phenotypic probe of mdr1a status in CF-1 mice. Pharm Res. 2004 Oct;21(10):1867-70. PDF
  27. Heinzen EL, Pollack GM. Pharmacodynamics of morphine-induced neuronal nitric oxide production and antinociceptive tolerance development. Brain Res. 2004 Oct 15;1023(2):175-84. PDF
  28. Matheny CJ, Ali RY, Yang X, Pollack GM. Effect of prototypical inducing agents on P-glycoprotein and CYP3A expression in mouse tissues. Drug Metab Dispos. 2004 Sep;32(9):1008-14. PDF
  29. Heinzen EL, Pollack GM. Use of an electrochemical nitric oxide sensor to detect neuronal nitric oxide production in conscious, unrestrained rats. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods. 2002 Nov-Dec;48(3):139-46. PDF
  30. Graff CL, Pollack GM. Drug transport at the blood-brain barrier and the choroid plexus. Curr Drug Metab. 2004 Feb;5(1):95-108.
  31. Heinzen EL, Pollack GM. The development of morphine antinociceptive tolerance in nitric oxide synthase-deficient mice. Biochem Pharmacol. 2004 Feb 15;67(4):735-41. PDF
  32. Dagenais C, Graff CL, Pollack GM. Variable modulation of opioid brain uptake by P-glycoprotein in mice. Biochem Pharmacol. 2004 Jan 15;67(2):269-76. PDF
  33. Patel NJ, Zamek-Gliszczynski MJ, Zhang P, Han YH, Jansen PL, Meier PJ, Stieger B, Brouwer KL. Phenobarbital alters hepatic Mrp2 function by direct and indirect interactions. Mol Pharmacol. 2003 Jul;64(1):154-9. PDF
  34. McRae MP, Brouwer KL, Kashuba AD. Cytokine regulation of P-glycoprotein. Drug Metab Rev. 2003 Feb;35(1):19-33.
  35. Zamek-Gliszczynski MJ, Xiong H, Patel NJ, Turncliff RZ, Pollack GM, Brouwer KL. Pharmacokinetics of 5 (and 6)-carboxy-2',7'-dichlorofluorescein and its diacetate promoiety in the liver. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003 Feb;304(2):801-9. PDF
  36. Persky AM, Eddington ND, Derendorf H. A review of the effects of chronic exercise and physical fitness level on resting pharmacokinetics. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2003 Nov;41(11):504-16. PDF
  37. Persky AM, Hochhaus G, Brazeau GA. Validation of a simple liquid chromatography assay for creatine suitable for pharmacokinetic applications, determination of plasma protein binding and verification of percent labeled claim of various creatine products. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2003 Aug 25;794(1):157-65. PDF
  38. Persky AM, Brazeau GA, Hochhaus G. Pharmacokinetics of the dietary supplement creatine. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2003;42(6):557-74. PDF
  39. Persky AM, Muller M, Derendorf H, Grant M, Brazeau GA, Hochhaus G. Single- and multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of oral creatine. J Clin Pharmacol. 2003 Jan;43(1):29-37. PDF
  40. Heinzen EL, Pollack GM. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of L-arginine in rats: a model of stimulated neuronal nitric oxide synthesis. Brain Res. 2003 Oct 31;989(1):67-75. PDF
  41. Golden PL, Pollack GM. Blood-brain barrier efflux transport. J Pharm Sci. 2003 Sep;92(9):1739-53. PDF
  42. Graff CL, Pollack GM. P-Glycoprotein attenuates brain uptake of substrates after nasal instillation. Pharm Res. 2003 Aug;20(8):1225-30. PDF
  43. Zong J, Pollack GM. Modulation of P-glycoprotein transport activity in the mouse blood-brain barrier by rifampin. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003 Aug;306(2):556-62. Epub 2003 Apr 29. PDF
  44. Brouwer KL, Pollack GM. Pharmacogenetics: is the right drug for the right patient sufficient? Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2002 Nov 18;54(10):1243-4. PDF
  45. Lee K, Ng C, Brouwer KL, Thakker DR. Secretory transport of ranitidine and famotidine across Caco-2 cell monolayers. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Nov;303(2):574-80. PDF
  46. Xiong H, Suzuki H, Sugiyama Y, Meier PJ, Pollack GM, Brouwer KL. Mechanisms of impaired biliary excretion of acetaminophen glucuronide after acute phenobarbital treatment or phenobarbital pretreatment. Drug Metab Dispos. 2002 Sep;30(9):962-9. PDF
  47. Xiong H, Yoshinari K, Brouwer KL, Negishi M. Role of constitutive androstane receptor in the in vivo induction of Mrp3 and CYP2B1/2 by phenobarbital. Drug Metab Dispos. 2002 Aug;30(8):918-23. PDF
  48. Murthy BR, Pollack GM, Brouwer KL. Contribution of morphine-6-glucuronide to antinociception following intravenous administration of morphine to healthy volunteers. J Clin Pharmacol. 2002 May;42(5):569-76. PDF
  49. Annaert PP, Turncliff RZ, Booth CL, Thakker DR, Brouwer KL. P-glycoprotein-mediated in vitro biliary excretion in sandwich-cultured rat hepatocytes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2001 Oct;29(10):1277-83. PDF
  50. Chandra P, Lecluyse EL, Brouwer KL. Optimization of culture conditions for determining hepatobiliary disposition of taurocholate in sandwich-cultured rat hepatocytes. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim. 2001 Jun;37(6):380-5. PDF
  51. Persky AM, Brazeau GA. Clinical pharmacology of the dietary supplement creatine monohydrate. Pharmacol Rev. 2001 Jun;53(2):161-76. PDF
  52. Matheny CJ, Lamb MW, Brouwer KR, Pollack GM. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic implications of P-glycoprotein modulation. Pharmacotherapy. 2001 Jul;21(7):778-96.
  53. Dagenais C, Ducharme J, Pollack GM. Interaction of nonpeptidic delta agonists with P-glycoprotein by in situ mouse brain perfusion: liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis and internal standard strategy. J Pharm Sci. 2002 Jan;91(1):244-52. PDF
  54. Crews KR, Murthy BP, Hussey EK, Passannante AN, Palmer JL, Maixner W, Brouwer KL. Lack of effect of ondansetron on the pharmacokinetics and analgesic effects of morphine and metabolites after single-dose morphine administration in healthy volunteers. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2001 Apr;51(4):309-16. PDF
  55. Ward ES, Pollack GM, Brouwer KL. Probenecid-associated alterations in valproate glucuronide hepatobiliary disposition: mechanistic assessment using mathematical modeling. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2001 Apr;297(1):141-7. PDF
  56. Bush MA, Pollack GM. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of 7-nitroindazole, a selective nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, in the rat hippocampus. Pharm Res. 2001 Nov;18(11):1607-12. PDF
  57. Arens TL, Pollack GM. Nonstationary disposition of valproic acid during prolonged intravenous infusion: contributions of unbound clearance and protein binding. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2001 Sep;22(6):243-9. PDF
  58. Dagenais C, Zong J, Ducharme J, Pollack GM. Effect of mdr1a P-glycoprotein gene disruption, gender, and substrate concentration on brain uptake of selected compounds. Pharm Res. 2001 Jul;18(7):957-63. PDF
  59. Bush MA, Pollack GM. Pharmacokinetics and protein binding of the selective neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibitor 7-nitroindazole. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2000 Sep;21(6):221-8. PDF
  60. Dagenais C, Ducharme J, Pollack GM. Uptake and efflux of the peptidic delta-opioid receptor agonist. Neurosci Lett. 2001 Apr 6;301(3):155-8. PDF
  61. Rittenhouse KD, Pollack GM. Microdialysis and drug delivery to the eye. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2000 Dec 15;45(2-3):229-41. PDF
  62. Xiong H, Turner KC, Ward ES, Jansen PL, Brouwer KL., Altered hepatobiliary disposition of acetaminophen glucuronide in isolate perfused livers from multidrug resistance-associated protein 2-deficient TR(-) rats., J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2000 Nov;295(2):512-8. PDF
  63. Zong J, Pollack GM. Morphine antinociception is enhanced in mdr1a gene-deficient mice. Pharm Res. 2000 Jun;17(6):749-53. PDF
  64. Rittenhouse KD, Pollack GM. Pharmacodynamics of beta-blocker modulation of aqueous humor production. Exp Eye Res. 2000 Apr;70(4):429-39. PDF
  65. Rittenhouse KD, Peiffer RL Jr, Pollack GM. Assessment of ascorbate ocular disposition in the conscious rabbit: an approach using the microdialysis technique. Curr Eye Res. 2000 May;20(5):351-60. PDF
  66. Dagenais C, Rousselle C, Pollack GM, Scherrmann JM. Development of an in situ mouse brain perfusion model and its application to mdr1a P-glycoprotein-deficient mice. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2000 Feb;20(2):381-6.
  67. Ward ES, Pollack GM, Brouwer KL. Probenecid-associated alterations in valproic acid pharmacokinetics in rats: can in vivo disposition of valproate glucuronide be predicted from in vitro formation data? Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Dec;28(12):1433-9. PDF
  68. Fischer JD, Song MH, Suttle AB, Heizer WD, Burns CB, Vargo DL, Brouwer KL. Comparison of zafirlukast (Accolate) absorption after oral and colonic administration in humans. Pharm Res. 2000 Feb;17(2):154-9. PDF
  69. Aquilante CL, Letrent SP, Pollack GM, Brouwer KL. Increased brain P-glycoprotein in morphine tolerant rats. Life Sci. 2000;66(4):PL47-51. PDF
  70. Persky AM, Green PS, Stubley L, Howell CO, Zaulyanov L, Brazeau GA, Simpkins JW. Protective effect of estrogens against oxidative damage to heart and skeletal muscle in vivo and in vitro. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 2000 Jan;223(1):59-66. PDF
  71. Letrent SP, Polli JW, Humphreys JE, Pollack GM, Brouwer KR, Brouwer KL. P-glycoprotein-mediated transport of morphine in brain capillary endothelial cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 1999 Sep 15;58(6):951-7. PDF
  72. Liu X, LeCluyse EL, Brouwer KR, Gan LS, Lemasters JJ, Stieger B, Meier PJ, Brouwer KL. Biliary excretion in primary rat hepatocytes cultured in a collagen-sandwich configuration. Am J Physiol. 1999 Jul;277(1 Pt 1):G12-21. PDF
  73. Letrent SP, Pollack GM, Brouwer KR, Brouwer KL. Effects of a potent and specific P-glycoprotein inhibitor on the blood-brain barrier distribution and antinociceptive effect of morphine in the rat. Drug Metab Dispos. 1999 Jul;27(7):827-34. PDF
  74. Liu X, Chism JP, LeCluyse EL, Brouwer KR, Brouwer KL. Correlation of biliary excretion in sandwich-cultured rat hepatocytes and in vivo in rats. Drug Metab Dispos. 1999 Jun;27(6):637-44. PDF
  75. Liu X, LeCluyse EL, Brouwer KR, Lightfoot RM, Lee JI, Brouwer KL. Use of Ca2+ modulation to evaluate biliary excretion in sandwich-cultured rat hepatocytes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 Jun;289(3):1592-9. PDF
  76. Rittenhouse KD, Peiffer RL Jr, Pollack GM. Microdialysis evaluation of the ocular pharmacokinetics of propranolol in the conscious rabbit. Pharm Res. 1999 May;16(5):736-42. PDF
  77. Chen C, Pollack GM. Enhanced antinociception of the model opioid peptide [D-penicillamine] enkephalin by P-glycoprotein modulation. Pharm Res. 1999 Feb;16(2):296-301. PDF
  78. Lin PH, Waidyanatha S, Pollack GM, Swenberg JA, Rappaport SM. Dose-specific production of chlorinated quinone and semiquinone adducts in rodent livers following administration of pentachlorophenol. Toxicol Sci. 1999 Jan;47(1):126-33. PDF
  79. Pithavala YK, Heizer WD, Parr AF, O'Connor-Semmes RL, Brouwer KL. Use of the InteliSite capsule to study ranitidine absorption from various sites within the human intestinal tract. Pharm Res. 1998 Dec;15(12):1869-75. PDF
  80. Liu X, Brouwer KL, Gan LS, Brouwer KR, Stieger B, Meier PJ, Audus KL, LeCluyse EL. Partial maintenance of taurocholate uptake by adult rat hepatocytes cultured in a collagen sandwich configuration. Pharm Res. 1998 Oct;15(10):1533-9. PDF
  81. Socinski MA, Mudd PN Jr, Radomski KM, Steagall A, Lawrence P, Bernard S, Letrent SP, Gonzalez P, Brouwer KL. Phase I trial of a 96 h paclitaxel infusion with filgrastim support in refractory solid tumor patients. Anticancer Drugs. 1998 Aug;9(7):611-9.
  82. Booth CL, Brouwer KR, Brouwer KL. Effect of multidrug resistance modulators on the hepatobiliary disposition of doxorubicin in the isolated perfused rat liver. Cancer Res. 1998 Aug 15;58(16):3641-8.
  83. Reynolds KS, Song MH, Heizer WD, Burns CB, Sica DA, Brouwer KL. Effect of pancreatico-biliary secretions and GI transit time on the absorption and pharmacokinetic profile of ranitidine in humans. Pharm Res. 1998 Aug;15(8):1281-5. PDF
  84. Letrent SP, Pollack GM, Brouwer KR, Brouwer KL. Effect of GF120918, a potent P-glycoprotein inhibitor, on morphine pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in the rat. Pharm Res. 1998 Apr;15(4):599-605. PDF
  85. Chen C, Pollack GM. Altered disposition and antinociception of [D-penicillamine(2,5)] enkephalin in mdr1a-gene-deficient mice. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1998 Nov;287(2):545-52.
  86. Schroeder TJ, Cho MJ, Pollack GM, Floc'h R, Moran HB, Levy R, Moore LW, Pouletty P. Comparison of two cyclosporine formulations in healthy volunteers: bioequivalence of the new Sang-35 formulation and Neoral. J Clin Pharmacol. 1998 Sep;38(9):807-14.
  87. Golden PL, Pollack GM. Rationale for influx enhancement versus efflux blockade to increase drug exposure to the brain. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 1998 May;19(4):263-72.
  88. Rittenhouse KD, Peiffer RL Jr, Pollack GM. Evaluation of microdialysis sampling of aqueous humor for in vivo models of ocular absorption and disposition. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 1998 Feb;16(6):951-9.
  89. Noone PG, Regnis JA, Liu X, Brouwer KL, Robinson M, Edwards L, Knowles MR. Airway deposition and clearance and systemic pharmacokinetics of amiloride following aerosolization with an ultrasonic nebulizer to normal airways. Chest. 1997 Nov 5;112(5):1283-90. PDF
  90. Turner KC, Brouwer KL. In vitro mechanisms of probenecid-associated alterations in acetaminophen glucuronide hepatic disposition. Drug Metab Dispos. 1997 Sep;25(9):1017-21. PDF
  91. Mosley AK, Brouwer KL. Heat treatment of human serum to inactivate HIV does not alter protein binding of selected drugs. Ther Drug Monit. 1997 Aug;19(4):477-9.
  92. Nolting A, DeLong RK, Fisher MH, Wickstrom E, Pollack GM, Juliano RL, Brouwer KL. Hepatic distribution and clearance of antisense oligonucleotides in the isolated perfused rat liver. Pharm Res. 1997 Apr;14(4):516-21. PDF
  93. Liu X, Brouwer KL, Pollack GM. A modified residual method to estimate the zero-order absorption rate constant in a one-compartment model. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 1997 Mar;18(2):93-101. PDF
  94. Farthing D, Brouwer KL, Fakhry I, Sica D. Solid-phase extraction and determination of ranitidine in human plasma by a high-performance liquid chromatographic method utilizing midbore chromatography. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl. 1997 Jan 24;688(2):350-3.
  95. Troy SM, Parker VP, Hicks DR, Pollack GM, Chiang ST. Pharmacokinetics and effect of food on the bioavailability of orally administered venlafaxine. J Clin Pharmacol. 1997 Oct;37(10):954-61.
  96. Chen C, Pollack GM. Blood-brain disposition and antinociceptive effects of -D-penicillamine2,5-enkephalin in the mouse. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1997 Dec;283(3):1151-9.
  97. Chen C, Jeffery D, Jorgenson JW, Moseley MA, Pollack GM. Sensitive analysis of [D-Pen2,5]enkephalin in rat serum by capillary electrophoresis and laser-induced fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl. 1997 Sep 12;697(1-2):149-62.
  98. Lin PH, Waidyanatha S, Pollack GM, Rappaport SM. Dosimetry of chlorinated quinone metabolites of pentachlorophenol in the livers of rats and mice based upon measurement of protein adducts. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1997 Aug;145(2):399-408.
  99. Ward KW, Blumenthal GM, Welsch F, Pollack GM. Development of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model to describe the disposition of methanol in pregnant rats and mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1997 Aug;145(2):311-22.
  100. Ouellet DM, Pollack GM. Effect of prior morphine-3-glucuronide exposure on morphine disposition and antinociception. Biochem Pharmacol. 1997 May 15;53(10):1451-7.
  101. Ouellet DM, Pollack GM. Pharmacodynamics and tolerance development during multiple intravenous bolus morphine administration in rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1997 May;281(2):713-20.
  102. Chen C, Pollack GM. Extensive biliary excretion of the model opioid peptide [D-PEN2,5] enkephalin in rats. Pharm Res. 1997 Mar;14(3):345-50.
  103. Ward KW, Pollack GM. Comparative toxicokinetics of methanol in pregnant and nonpregnant rodents. Drug Metab Dispos. 1996 Oct;24(10):1062-70.
  104. Ward KW, Pollack GM. Use of intrauterine microdialysis to investigate methanol-induced alterations in uteroplacental blood flow. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1996 Oct;140(2):203-10.
  105. Gaudreault J, Varin F, Pollack GM. Anticonvulsant pharmacodynamics and disposition of triazolam in rats. J Pharm Sci. 1996 Sep;85(9):999-1004.
  106. Chen C, Pollack GM. Development of a capillary zone electrophoresis assay to examine the disposition of [D-pen2,5]enkephalin in rats. J Chromatogr B Biomed Appl. 1996 Jun 7;681(2):363-73.
  107. Perkins RA, Ward KW, Pollack GM. Methanol inhalation: site and other factors influencing absorption, and an inhalation toxicokinetic model for the rat. Pharm Res. 1996 May;13(5):749-55.
  108. Peckman HJ, Dupuis RE, Sawyer WT, Brouwer KL, Cross RE. Vancomycin serum concentrations in patients with renal dysfunction: a comparison of fluorescence polarization immunoassay and the enzyme-multiplied immunoassay technique. Ther Drug Monit. 1996 Dec;18(6):647-53.
  109. Pollack GM, Brouwer KL. Maternal-fetal pharmacokinetics of methanol. Res Rep Health Eff Inst. 1996 Jun;(74):1-48
  110. Matheny CJ, Taft DR, Brouwer KL, Pollack GM. Evidence for reversible sequestration of morphine in rat liver. Biochem Pharmacol. 1996 Aug 23;52(4):535-41.
  111. Carlton LD, Pollack GM, Brouwer KL. Physiologic pharmacokinetic modeling of gastrointestinal blood flow as a rate-limiting step in the oral absorption of digoxin: implications for patients with congestive heart failure receiving epoprostenol. J Pharm Sci. 1996 May;85(5):473-7.
  112. Slattum PW, Cato AE 3rd, Pollack GM, Brouwer KL. Age-related changes in valproic acid binding to rat serum proteins in vitro. J Pharm Sci. 1996 Apr;85(4):373-6.
  113. Booth CL, Pollack GM, Brouwer KL. Hepatobiliary disposition of valproic acid and valproate glucuronide: use of a pharmacokinetic model to examine the rate-limiting steps and potential sites of drug interactions. Hepatology. 1996 Apr;23(4):771-80.
  114. Chen C, Slattum PW, Brouwer KL, Pollack GM. Influence of age and gender on valproic acid glucuronidation in rats. Drug Metab Dispos. 1996 Mar;24(3):367-70.
  115. Brouwer KL, Thurman RG. Isolated perfused liver. Pharm Biotechnol. 1996;8:161-92.
  116. Moore KH, Raasch RH, Brouwer KL, Opheim K, Cheeseman SH, Eyster E, Lemon SM, van der Horst CM. Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of zidovudine and its glucuronidated metabolite in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection and hepatic disease (AIDS Clinical Trials Group protocol 062). Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1995 Dec;39(12):2732-7.
  117. Carlton LD, Schmith VD, Brouwer KL. Intravenous epoprostenol sodium does not increase hepatic microsomal enzyme activity in rats. Prostaglandins. 1995 Nov-Dec;50(5-6):341-7.
  118. Suttle AB, Brouwer KL. Gastrointestinal transit and distribution of ranitidine in the rat. Pharm Res. 1995 Sep;12(9):1316-22.
  119. Suttle AB, Brouwer KL. Regional gastrointestinal absorption of ranitidine in the rat. Pharm Res. 1995 Sep;12(9):1311-5.
  120. Studenberg SD, Price-Raybuck DL, Unger SE, Shockcor J, Brouwer KL. Characterization of p-hydroxyphenobarbital glucuronide generated from immobilized rat hepatic UDP-glucuronosyltransferase. J Pharm Sci. 1995 Sep;84(9):1134-6.
  121. Moore KH, Brouwer KL. High-performance liquid chromatographic evaluation of the effect of heat treatment on trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole stability in serum. Ther Drug Monit. 1995 Aug;17(4):356-60.
  122. Hughes JA, Avrutskaya AV, Brouwer KL, Wickstrom E, Juliano RL. Radiolabeling of methylphosphonate and phosphorothioate oligonucleotides and evaluation of their transport in everted rat jejunum sacs. Pharm Res. 1995 Jun;12(6):817-24.
  123. Slattum PW, Cato AE 3rd, Pollack GM, Brouwer KL. Age-dependent intestinal hydrolysis of valproate glucuronide in rat. Xenobiotica. 1995 Mar;25(3):229-37.
  124. Cato A 3rd, Pollack GM, Brouwer KL. Age-dependent intestinal absorption of valproic acid in the rat. Pharm Res. 1995 Feb;12(2):284-90.
  125. Warner PE, Brouwer KL, Hussey EK, Dukes GE, Heizer WD, Donn KH, Davis IM, Powell JR. Sumatriptan absorption from different regions of the human gastrointestinal tract. Pharm Res. 1995 Jan;12(1):138-43.
  126. Perkins RA, Ward KW, Pollack GM. Comparative toxicokinetics of inhaled methanol in the female CD-1 mouse and Sprague-Dawley rat. Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1995 Dec;28(2):245-54.
  127. Ouellet DM, Pollack GM. A pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model of tolerance to morphine analgesia during infusion in rats. J Pharmacokinet Biopharm. 1995 Dec;23(6):531-49.
  128. Gaudreault J, Varin F, Pollack GM. Pharmacokinetics and anticonvulsant effect of a new hypnotic, CL 284,846, in rats. Pharm Res. 1995 Nov;12(11):1592-7.
  129. Ward KW, Perkins RA, Kawagoe JL, Pollack GM. Comparative toxicokinetics of methanol in the female mouse and rat. Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1995 Jul;26(2):258-64.
  130. Perkins RA, Ward KW, Pollack GM. A pharmacokinetic model of inhaled methanol in humans and comparison to methanol disposition in mice and rats. Environ Health Perspect. 1995 Jul-Aug;103(7-8):726-33.
  131. Ouellet DM, Pollack GM. Biliary excretion and enterohepatic recirculation of morphine-3-glucuronide in rats. Drug Metab Dispos. 1995 Apr;23(4):478-84.
  132. Golden PL, Warner PE, Fleishaker JC, Jewell RC, Millikin S, Lyon J, Brouwer KL. Effects of probenecid on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of adinazolam in humans. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1994 Aug;56(2):133-41.
  133. Suttle AB, Brouwer KL. Bile flow but not enterohepatic recirculation influences the pharmacokinetics of ranitidine in the rat. Drug Metab Dispos. 1994 Mar-Apr;22(2):224-32.
  134. Dukes GE, Brouwer KL, Donn KH, Messenheimer JA, Powell JR. Venous irritation related to intravenous administration of phenytoin versus fosphenytoin. Pharmacotherapy. 1994 Jan-Feb;14(1):47-52.
  135. Pollack GM, Spencer AP, Horton TL, Brouwer KL. Site-dependent intestinal hydrolysis of valproate and morphine glucuronide in the developing rat. Drug Metab Dispos. 1994 Jan-Feb;22(1):120-3.
  136. Haberer LJ, Pollack GM. Disposition and protein binding of valproic acid in the developing rat. Drug Metab Dispos. 1994 Jan-Feb;22(1):113-9.
  137. Liu MJ, Pollack GM. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of valproate analogues in rats. IV. Anticonvulsant action and neurotoxicity of octanoic acid, cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, and 1-methyl-1-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid. Epilepsia. 1994 Jan-Feb;35(1):234-43.
  138. Golden PL, Brouwer KR, Pollack GM. Assessment of valproic acid serum-cerebrospinal fluid transport by microdialysis. Pharm Res. 1993 Dec;10(12):1765-71.
  139. Brouwer KL. Acute phenobarbital administration alters the disposition of acetaminophen metabolites in the rat. Drug Metab Dispos. 1993 Nov-Dec;21(6):1129-33.
  140. Studenberg SD, Brouwer KL. Hepatic disposition of acetaminophen and metabolites. Pharmacokinetic modeling, protein binding and subcellular distribution. Biochem Pharmacol. 1993 Aug 17;46(4):739-46.
  141. Pollack GM, Brouwer KL, Kawagoe JL. Toxicokinetics of intravenous methanol in the female rat. Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1993 Jul;21(1):105-10.
  142. Studenberg SD, Brouwer KL. Effect of phenobarbital and p-hydroxyphenobarbital glucuronide on acetaminophen metabolites in isolated rat hepatocytes: use of a kinetic model to examine the rates of formation and egress. J Pharmacokinet Biopharm. 1993 Apr;21(2):175-94.
  143. Brouwer KL, Hall ES, Pollack GM. Protein binding and hepatobiliary distribution of valproic acid and valproate glucuronide in rats. Biochem Pharmacol. 1993 Feb 9;45(3):735-42.
  144. Liu MJ, Pollack GM. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of valproate analogs in rats. II. Pharmacokinetics of octanoic acid, cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, and 1-methyl-1-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 1993 May;14(4):325-39.
  145. Liu MJ, Brouwer KL, Pollack GM. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of valproate analogs in rats. III. Pharmacokinetics of valproic acid, cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, and 1-methyl-1-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid in the bile-exteriorized rat. Drug Metab Dispos. 1992 Nov-Dec;20(6):810-5.
  146. Studenberg SD, Brouwer KL. Impaired biliary excretion of acetaminophen glucuronide in the isolated perfused rat liver after acute phenobarbital treatment and in vivo phenobarbital pretreatment. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1992 Jun;261(3):1022-7.
  147. Suttle AB, Pollack GM, Brouwer KL. Use of a pharmacokinetic model incorporating discontinuous gastrointestinal absorption to examine the occurrence of double peaks in oral concentration-time profiles. Pharm Res. 1992 Mar;9(3):350-6.
  148. Pollack GM, Brouwer KL. Physiologic and metabolic influences on enterohepatic recirculation: simulations based upon the disposition of valproic acid in the rat. J Pharmacokinet Biopharm. 1991 Apr;19(2):189-225.
  149. Studenberg SD, Brouwer KL. Phenacetin and acetaminophen metabolism in the isolated perfused rat liver. Precursor concentration influences the selection of kinetic parameters to assess hypoxic impairment. Drug Metab Dispos. 1991 Mar-Apr;19(2):423-9.
  150. Pollack GM, Brouwer KL. Thermal injury decreases hepatic blood flow and the intrinsic clearance of indocyanine green in the rat. Pharm Res. 1991 Jan;8(1):106-11.
  151. Horton TL, Pollack GM. Enterohepatic recirculation and renal metabolism of morphine in the rat. J Pharm Sci. 1991 Dec;80(12):1147-52.
  152. Pollack GM, Kawagoe JL. Determination of methanol in whole blood by capillary gas chromatography with direct on-column injection. J Chromatogr. 1991 Oct 4;570(2):406-11.
  153. Haberer LJ, Pollack GM. Central nervous system uptake kinetics of pentylenetetrazol in the developing rat. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 1991 Jan-Feb;12(1):59-71.
  154. Pollack GM, Browne JL, Marton J, Haberer LJ. Chronic stress impairs oxidative metabolism and hepatic excretion of model xenobiotic substrates in the rat. Drug Metab Dispos. 1991 Jan-Feb;19(1):130-4.
  155. Hussey EK, Dukes GE, Messenheimer JA, Brouwer KL, Donn KH, Krol TF, Hak LJ. Evaluation of the pharmacokinetic interaction between diazepam and ACC-9653 (a phenytoin prodrug) in healthy male volunteers. Pharm Res. 1990 Nov;7(11):1172-6.
  156. Jamerson BD, Donn KH, Dukes GE, Messenheimer JA, Brouwer KL, Powell JR. Absolute bioavailability of phenytoin after 3-phosphoryloxymethyl phenytoin disodium (ACC-9653) administration to humans. Epilepsia. 1990 Sep-Oct;31(5):592-7.
  157. Hussey EK, Dukes GE, Messenheimer JA, Brouwer KL, Donn KH, Krol TF, Hak LJ. Correlation of delayed peak concentration with infusion-site irritation following diazepam administration. DICP. 1990 Jul-Aug;24(7-8):678-81.
  158. Pollack GM, Brouwer KL, Demby KB, Jones JA. Determination of hepatic blood flow in the rat using sequential infusions of indocyanine green or galactose. Drug Metab Dispos. 1990 Mar-Apr;18(2):197-202.
  159. Brouwer KL, Jones JA. Altered hepatobiliary disposition of acetaminophen metabolites after phenobarbital pretreatment and renal ligation: evidence for impaired biliary excretion and a diffusional barrier. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1990 Feb;252(2):657-64.
  160. Liu MJ, Scott KR, Pollack GM. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of valproate analogues in rats. I. Spiro[4.6]undecane-2-carboxylic acid. Epilepsia. 1990 Jul-Aug;31(4):465-73.
  161. Dupuis RE, Lichtman SN, Pollack GM. Acute valproic acid overdose. Clinical course and pharmacokinetic disposition of valproic acid and metabolites. Drug Saf. 1990 Jan-Feb;5(1):65-71.
  162. Jewell RC, Brouwer KL, McNamara PJ. Alpha 1-acid glycoprotein high-performance liquid chromatography column (EnantioPAC) as a screening tool for protein binding. J Chromatogr. 1989 Feb 24;487(2):257-64.
  163. Dorr MB, Pollack GM. Specific assay for the quantitation of indocyanine green in rat plasma using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. J Pharm Sci. 1989 Apr;78(4):328-33.
  164. Pollack GM, Shen DD, Dorr MB. Contribution of metabolites to the route- and time-dependent hepatic effects of di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate in the rat. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1989 Jan;248(1):176-81.
  165. Brouwer KL, Durham S, Vore M. Multiple carriers for uptake of [3H]estradiol-17 beta(beta-D-glucuronide) in isolated rat hepatocytes. Mol Pharmacol. 1987 Oct;32(4):519-23.
  166. Tennison MB, Miles MV, Pollack GM, Thorn MD, Dupuis RE. Valproate metabolites and hepatotoxicity in an epileptic population. Epilepsia. 1988 Sep-Oct;29(5):543-7.
  167. Shrewsbury RP, White SG, Pollack GM, Wargin WA. Antipyrine kinetics following partial blood exchange with Fluosol-DA in the rat. J Pharm Pharmacol. 1986 Dec;38(12):883-7.
  168. Pollack GM, McHugh WB, Gengo FM, Ermer JC, Shen DD. Accumulation and washout kinetics of valproic acid and its active metabolites. J Clin Pharmacol. 1986 Nov-Dec;26(8):668-76.
  169. Pollack GM, Buchanan JF, Slaughter RL, Kohli RK, Shen DD. Circulating concentrations of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and its de-esterified phthalic acid products following plasticizer exposure in patients receiving hemodialysis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1985 Jun 30;79(2):257-67.
  170. Pollack GM, Li RC, Ermer JC, Shen DD. Effects of route of administration and repetitive dosing on the disposition kinetics of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and its mono-de-esterified metabolite in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1985 Jun 30;79(2):246-56.
  171. Pollack GM, Shen DD. A timed intravenous pentylenetetrazol infusion seizure model for quantitating the anticonvulsant effect of valproic acid in the rat. J Pharmacol Methods. 1985 Apr;13(2):135-46.
  172. Brouwer KL, Vore M. Effect of hypoxia and pregnancy on antipyrine metabolism in isolated perfused rat livers. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1985 Sep;234(3):584-9.
  173. Pollack GM, Slaughter RL, Buchanan JF, Shen DD. High-performance liquid chromatographic procedure for the determination of di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate in human blood specimens. Problems of variable-extraction yield and the use of standard addition for calibration. J Chromatogr. 1984 Nov 9;311(1):101-8.
  174. Shen DD, Pollack GM. A reply to "Problems involved with developing a suitable model for evaluating exposure to bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate for medical devices". J Pharm Sci. 1984 Sep;73(9):1334.
  175. Pollack GM, Li RC, Shen DD. Dose-dependent pharmacokinetics of antipyrine in the rat. Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol. 1984 Apr;44(1):69-81.
  176. Pollack GM, Shen DD. Effect of renal failure and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate pretreatment on the disposition and metabolism of antipyrine in the rat. J Pharm Sci. 1984 Jan;73(1):29-33.
  177. Oseekey KB, Rowse KL, Kostenbauder HB. High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of chloramphenicol and its monosuccinate ester in plasma. J Chromatogr. 1980 Jun 13;182(3-4):459-64.
  178. Blouin RA, Erwin WG, Dutro MP, Bustrack JA, Rowse KL. Chloramphenicol hemodialysis clearance. Ther Drug Monit. 1980;2(4):351-4.